The Regulation Of Investigatory Powers Act gives certain authorities the ability to use computers to track, spy on and survey members of the public for reasons of national security.
Some of these powers they are given are:
Interception of a communication
Use of communications data
Directed surveillance
Convert human intelligence sources
Intrusive surveillance
SDLC stands for systems development life cycle and is a set of stages that are followed in order to produce a type of system.
Problem definition stage- An analyst determines why the system is needed and communicates problems.
Feasibility study- Analyst carries out enquiries to see if the system is possible / feasible
Information Collection- Analyst collects more information about the problem e.g. interviews, questionnaires, meetings
Analysis- Data flow diagrams, Flowcharts…
Design- Planning of the system design
Implementation- Construction of the system
Testing- The process of testing the software for errors through inputting normal and abnormal data
Evaluation- The client and an analyst evaluate the system to ensure the requirements have been met
Installation- The process of using the system in a real situation
Maintenance- Ensuring the system continues to run properly
Client Server
A network organisation in which clients use servers to get resources. The servers maintain a database of users, passwords and access rights to provide security on the resources that it uses.
Peer to peer
A network organisation where devices share resources and data directly with each other. This means there is no need for a server, router or switch. Data can be saved or accessed on another stations local storage.
The computer misuse act is a legislation which defines electronic vandalism, unauthorised access to computer systems and information theft.
Part 1:
Unauthorised access to computer material. For example, accessing data or programs which you should not have access to.
Part 2:
Unauthorised access with intent to commit further offences. For example, accessing someone’s details to commit fraud.
Part 3:
Unauthorised access with intent to impair the operations of a computer. For example, Sending a virus that causes a computer to malfunction.
Data Subject: Anyone who has data stored about them.
Data Controller: Organisation storing data on data subjects. (e.g. Facebook)
Information Commissioner (ICO): Head of the data protection agency who ensures data controllers use data properly.
Principles:
Spiral model- Begins with an analyst collecting data through to an evaluation which will lead to a data collection so the results can be modified.
RAD- (Rapid application Development) where a prototype is made, tested and refined. This process is repeated until there is nothing more to be refined.
TCP stands for Transmission control protocol
IP stands for Internet protocol
It is the most common general purpose standard protocol and allows any networked computer to communicate with each other whatever their equipment.
TCP/IP is made up of four layers:
Application- Provides network services to applications
Transport- Provides the transmission of data
Internet- Contains the packet construct that will be transmitted.
Link- Carries out encapsulation of IP packets to physical hardware access
Example:
DNS – domain name system
A domain name shows the location of a site on the internet and each site has a unique one.
For example:
DNS maintains a directory of domain names and translates them into IP addresses.
This is necessary because domain names are easy for people to remember but computers access websites through there IP addresses.
IP address- Internet protocol- uniquely identifies a physical computer linked to the internet.
Uses the format 158.152.1.58
Matty's Computer Science Blog 